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Download abstracts (free download) from oral and poster presentations given at the 105th Association of Official Seed Analysts and the 92ⁿd Society of Commercial Seed Technologists (AOSA/SCST) annual meeting held in Tampa, Florida, on May 30–June 4, 2015.
One Size Does Not Fit All! Not All Native Seed Weights for Purity Are Equal
Donna Grubisic
Statistical Sampling Variability in ELISA Trait Purity Testing
Maranda Mergen* and Brenda Johnson
(pp. 7-21)
Assessment of Carambola Seed Physiological Quality Using Vigor Indices
Marcia Terezinha Ramos de Oliveira and Pedro Amorim Berbert*
ABSTRACT:
The object of this study was to evaluate the immediate and latent effects of different drying conditions on the vigor of carambola seeds, measured as the speed of germination index (SGI) and mean germination time (t-mean). Drying tests were performed at 33, 35 and 38 °C, and seeds were stored for 45, 60, 90, 180 and 270 d at 15 °C.
(pp. 23-31)
Effect of Various Chemical Hybridizing Agents on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Seed Production
Muhammad Khuram Razzaq, Saeed Rauf* and Naeem Akhtar
ABSTRACT:
Several chemicals are known to induce male sterility in crop species. Among various chemical hybridizing agents, synthetic detergents are an inexpensive option for induction of male sterility, and can be exploited in developing countries due to their availability. Experiments were carried out on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) genotypes to optimize the concentration of the synthetic detergent and determine the most appropriate plant phenological stage to induce male sterility.
(R1–R4). A detergent concentration of 1.5% applied at the R1 stage produced the highest percentage of floral male sterility. In contrast, synthetic detergent treatments failed to induce any sterility when floral heads were treated beyond the R3 stage. This detergent treatment was compared to other chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) using multiple genotypes. The detergent was similar to gibberellic acid in its efficiency of inducing floral male sterility, but demonstrated a reduced deleterious effect on morphological traits and a high percentage of seed setting, when CHA-treated floral heads were pollinated using control plants. This study demonstrated that this detergent was an easy CHA option for inducing male sterility, independent of genotypic effects.
(pp. 33-42)
Storage Life of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) Seeds Following Three Drying Methods
M.A. Adebisi and A.M. Abdul-Rafiu*
ABSTRACT:
Seed longevity of Capsicum species may be affected by seed drying methods. The effect of three seed drying methods (passive, sun and oven drying) on seed storage life (longevity) of 16 cayenne pepper genotypes (Capsicum frutescens) stored under ambient conditions (26.92 °C, 72.23% RH.) was investigated.
ambient conditions in the laboratory for 10 mon and evaluated for longevity (germination) at 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 d intervals. Probit analysis was used to estimate deterioration rates and storage life. Seed lots stored for 8 mon still retained high viability, irrespective of drying method. Passively dried seed lots consistently retained the highest germinability during storage. The predicted storage life was 21.3, 19.14 and 17.77 mon for seed subjected to passive, sun and oven drying, respectively. Passive drying is recommended as the best pre-storage processing technique for cayenne pepper seeds.
(pp. 43-51)
Germination Response of Six Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Cultivars to Temperature
Dongfang Zhou, Jacob Barney, Monica A. Ponder and Gregory E. Welbaum*
ABSTRACT:
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a warm-season herbaceous plant typically propagated from seed. Establishment of direct-seeded basil is often difficult because seed germination may be limited, particularly in cold soils. To determine base, optimum, and ceiling germination temperatures and possible genetic variation, seeds of six cultivars of sweet basil, Italian Large Leaf, Italian Large Leaf 63-X, Nufar, Genovese, Genovese Compact Improved, and Aroma 2 were tested on a one dimensional thermogradient table from 0–45° C.
(pp. 55-63)
Radish Seed Priming Treatments
Fabio Mielezrski*, Mark A. Bennett†, Elaine M. Grassbaugh and Andrew F. Evans
ABSTRACT:
Seed priming can improve the performance of seed lots, such as promotion of high uniformity of germination and seedling emergence. This technique is also an additional seed enhancement choice for production companies looking for optimal seed quality. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of drum priming on radish (Raphanus sativus) seeds. The study was conducted at the Seed Biology Laboratory, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, using two lots of each of two radish cultivars, Cherry Globe and White Belle.
(pp. 65-71)
Relationship of Biochemical Composition and Drupe Size to Seedling Performance of Teak (Tectona grandis)
C.M. Jijeesh* and K. Sudhakara
ABSTRACT:
We studied the variation in the biochemical composition of teak seeds collected from Cherupuzha and Chathamparai plantations, Nilambur Forest Division, Kerala, India, and graded by drupe size as small (9–12 mm), medium (12–15 mm) and large (15–18 mm). Crude oil, protein, soluble, insoluble and total carbohydrate contents were determined using seeds extracted from drupes.
correlated with vigor index and biochemical constituents. Based on these results, teak drupe size influenced the biochemical composition of seeds, which in turn was correlated with many seedling performance parameters.
(pp. 73-80)
Participatory Varietal Selection and a Community-Based Seed System for Restoring Rice Production in Liberia
J.A. Adetumbi*, I. Akintayo, S.A. Ogunbayo and N.S. Baysah
ABSTRACT:
Inadequate seed quality has been one of the major constraints to rice production in Liberia after years of conflict. A community-based seed production system (CBSS), implemented in two rice growing counties of Liberia, aimed to improve the supply of high quality rice seed and increase locally produced rice. Ninety-four improved rice varieties (18 upland and 76 lowland) were introduced into the country.
(pp. 81-87)
Seed Size Effects on Germination and Seedling Parameters of Soybean Cultivars
T. Vange*, K. Tamen and J.O. Okoh
ABSTRACT:
Five soybean cultivars were evaluated as to the effect of seed size on germination and seedling parameters. The experiment was carried out at the Plant Breeding and Seed Science Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, in 2014. Soybean seeds from these cultivars were graded into 3 sizes, large, medium and small, by a grader using 6.0, 5.5 and 4.5 mm sieve sizes, respectively.
(pp. 89-92)
Use of Maize Floret Variation to Increase Seed Yield of Female Parents
Daria H. Schmidt*, Eric Galdi, Brad Johnson, Jennifer Jaqueth, Ryan Oyama, Kevin Simcox and Graziana Taramino
ABSTRACT:
Hybrid seed production is a complex process that involves many steps. For seed corn (Zea mays), inbred plants must first be crossed under conditions that allow the male pollen to fertilize the silks on female ears to produce seed sold to farmers. The quantity and quality of seed produced are important metrics in overall production efficiency. Hybrid seed yield and uniformity can be impacted by optimizing the number of kernels per female parent inbred ear utilizing native genetic floret traits.
(pp. 93-100)
Seed Identification Using Computer Vision—A Proof of Concept Study
Xin Yi, Mark Eramian, Ruojing Wang*, Jennifer Neudorf, Angela Salzl and Janine Maruschak
ABSTRACT:
Use of digital image analysis for seed identification is not yet recognized as a validated method. However, computer vision for automated seed identification had been suggested more than three decades ago. This seed identification study considered an image data set containing seed specimens verified to represent their respective species, with typical population variation.